This book explores anti-Westernism in Turkey by locating it in historical, ideological, and political contexts. It examines how anti-Westernism has evolved from the early period of Turkish modernization to the present day. The book traces admiration, scepticism, and resistance in the Turkish attitude toward the West through a historical and ideological account of Turkish politics. Through contributions from experts, overarching themes such as sovereignty, security, and memory are analysed in a way to explain how historical grievances as reinvented by political actors representing different ideological dispositions converge to shape a negative attitude in Turkey toward the West.