Chapter 1. Motivation and Framework.- Chapter 2. The United States: The First Formalization of Banking Supervision.- Chapter 3. Japan: Formalization of Banking Supervision Including a Reversal.- Chapter 4. Sweden: Early Adopter of Formal Banking Supervision with Incremental Steps.- Chapter 5. Germany: Financial Crises and Formalization of Banking Supervision.- Chapter 6. Switzerland: Formalizing Banking Supervision in the Aftermath of a Crisis, Better Late than Never.- Chapter 7. Belgium: Formalization and Incremental Development of a Supervisor with Increasing Powers and Authority.- Chapter 8. France: Credit Control and Formalization of Banking Supervision.-Chapter 9. The United Kingdom: Financial Globalization and Formalization of Banking Supervision.- Chapter 10. Drivers of the Formalization of Banking Supervision.