How can we ensure that future generations enjoy the miracle of life? Learning as if Life Depended on it is a work of planetary reckoning and educational leadership by the Director General of the International Baccalaureate and former State Secretary of Finland, Olli-Pekka Heinonen. Informed by his statesmanship and deeply rooted in the practices, idioms and metaphors of his Finnish cultural heritage, Heinonen explains why the root cause of global crises is that we don’t adequately perceive the ideas we live and work with. Our worldview is out of tune with reality. Humanity is suffering from an identity crisis. We have become overtrained and undereducated. This book has four main parts. Part One, about our predicament, details how we are challenged to survive and thrive as a species just as we are discovering that familiar solutions no longer work. Part two highlights how our prevailing perceptions keep us stuck, through an analysis of ten pervasive illusions of the modern world. Part three affirms multiple sources of our collective potential while identifying what must change in education systems and societal norms to unlock it. Part four explores available pathways arising from the learning needed to reshape life at the personal, community, societal, and planetary levels. The learning we need today begins when we dare to enter our new unfamiliar territory and admit our ignorance. It is time to embark on a collective journey into ourselves, in which learning is recast as an emergent property of purposive social action. To have any chance of a successful global transition, education systems should offer new ways of sensing and interpreting the world, work to reconcile competing beliefs and values, rebuild meaning, and restore well-being. As change accelerates, uncertainty grows, making the struggle to perceive reality with open-minded clarity more important than ever.