The History of Philosophy of Science (HOPOS) is a relatively new yet rapidly growing field. Emerging from diverse approaches within the history and philosophy of science, it encompasses a wide range of philosophical reflections on the nature, methods, and subject matter of science, all considered within their historical contexts. In this outstanding Handbook, the first of its kind, an international roster of contributors provide the first full survey of the discipline. Organized into four sections comprising 50 chapters, the Handbook covers the following themes:Perspectives on philosophy of science, including the historical and sociological turns and feminist philosophy of science. Traditions and movements in philosophy of science, with a focus on Victorian philosophy of science, French positivism, logical empiricism, pragmatism, and naturalism. Specific scientific theories, issues, and concepts in relativity, quantum mechanics, realism, and anti-realism. Philosophy of the special sciences, including mathematics, chemistry, biology, psychology and psychiatry, and the social sciences. The Routledge Handbook of the History of Philosophy of Science After Kant is essential reading for students and researchers in philosophy of science, history of science, the sociology of science, and science studies. It will also be of interest to those in the sciences seeking a philosophical and historical perspective on core areas such as mathematics, physics, and biology.