This carefullyedited book is putting emphasis on computational and artificial intelligentmethods for learning and their relative applications in robotics, embeddedsystems, and ICT interfaces for psychological and neurological diseases. Thebook is a follow-up of the scientific workshop on Neural Networks (WIRN 2015)held in Vietri sul Mare, Italy, from the 20th to the 22nd of May 2015. Theworkshop, at its 27th edition became a traditional scientific event thatbrought together scientists from many countries, and several scientificdisciplines. Each chapter is an extended version of the original contributionpresented at the workshop, and together with the reviewers’ peer revisions italso benefits from the live discussion during the presentation. The content of book is organized in the following sections. 1. Introduction,2. Machine Learning,3. Artificial Neural Networks: Algorithms and models,4. Intelligent Cyberphysical and Embedded System,5. Computational Intelligence Methods for Biomedical ICT in NeurologicalDiseases,6. Neural Networks-Based Approaches to Industrial Processes,7. Reconfigurable ModularAdaptive Smart Robotic Systems forOptoelectronicsIndustry: The White'R InstantiationThis book is unique in proposing a holistic and multidisciplinaryapproach to implement autonomous, and complex Human Computer Interfaces.