Between Genius and Tragedy: A Psychoanalytic Portrait of Viktor Tausk offers a compelling intellectual biography and a nuanced psychoanalytic exploration of Tausk’s character and thought, tracing both his theoretical-clinical innovations and the personal struggles that shaped his life and enduring significance. Drawing on extensive archival research and newly documented material — including family sources, photographs, and testimonies made available by a direct descendant — Francisco Balbuena Rivera opens by asking why Tausk still matters. The book revisits the historical debate surrounding his figure, examining the divergent narratives constructed by Kurt R. Eissler and Paul Roazen and critically reassessing the interpretative frameworks through which his reputation has been shaped. Rather than imposing a definitive verdict, it analyses these competing accounts and invites readers to form their own judgment. The volume situates Tausk within his familial, cultural, and intellectual milieu before offering a substantial biographical reconstruction. From the formation of his Jewish identity within the intergenerational context of the Tausk family to his immersion in the psychoanalytic movement and search for intellectual recognition, it follows the decisive stages of his development. It provides the first systematic analysis of his participation in the scientific meetings of the Vienna Psychoanalytic Society, examining both his formal presentations and his interventions in discussion. Particular attention is devoted to Freud’s refusal to analyze Tausk, Helene Deutsch’s failed treatment, and the circumstances surrounding his suicide. The final part reexamines Tausk’s contributions to sexuality, psychosis, repression, and defensive processes, as well as to the psychology of the deserter, situating his theoretical-clinical production within broader contemporary psychoanalytic, ethical, and philosophical contexts. By shedding new light not only on Tausk himself but also on questions of exclusion, memory, and the politics of psychoanalytic history, this book repositions him within the Freudian tradition and will be indispensable for scholars and students of psychoanalysis, psychology, psychiatry, and twentieth-century intellectual history, as well as for psychoanalysts and culturally informed readers engaged in its ongoing development.