This book explores diverse applications of bulk and nano carbonaceous materials within the nuclear domain. Addressing various sectors, such as fission reactors in both front-end and back-end cycles, and structural and functional material needs, it delves into their role in fusion reactors, particularly as plasma-facing and high radiation environment materials. Emphasizing their significance in waste management and the decommissioning phase of reactors, the book elucidates how each generation of nuclear reactors, including fast reactors, necessitates the utilization of carbon-based materials. Features:Provides a fresh outlook and overview on the role of carbon materials for fission and fusion reactors. Includes a detailed examination of bulk carbon materials in fission and fusion energy applications. Delves into the emerging field of carbon nano materials, exploring their applications in front-end and back-end fuel cycles, radiation detectors and sensors, fuel processing, and membranes for nuclear processes. Offers real-world solutions to challenges faced in the nuclear industry. Discusses the prospect of dealing with irradiated carbon material waste. This book is aimed at researchers and graduate students in materials and nuclear science, and carbon.