This book offers historical, philosophical, and sociocultural perspectives on Chinese language education for speakers of other languages with a special focus on Chinese language education in the United States. It provides a comprehensive, cross-disciplinary look at changes in CFL/CSL education over time in China and the U.S. and the philosophical, political and sociocultural influences that led to these changes. The essays address a wide array of topics related to Chinese language education, including:  A historical overview of the fieldTheories that apply to CFL/CSL learningPolicies and initiatives for CFL/CSL by the Chinese and U.S. governmentsMedium of instructionCurriculum and instruction for CFL/CSL learners at K-12 and college levelsTechnology for CFL/CSL educationChinese language learning for heritage learnersCFL in study abroad contextsCFL teacher education and trainingThis work is essential reading forscholars and students interested in gaining a greater understanding of Chinese language education in the two countries and around the world.