Since the reforms of 1978, China has experienced an explosion of growth that not only radically changed the country's economic and social conditions, but also the international economic and strategic scenario. For several decades, the Chinese economy grew by an average of 10% annually, an unprecedented phenomenon. Other Asian countries, such as Japan or South Korea, also had periods of rapid growth and transformation, but in the case of China, the enormous size of its economy was added, which determined an equally enormous impact on the world. This book discusses China’s economic development from the perspective of five leading economists from outside of China. It analyses both the internal and external impact of China’s economy over the past 40 years, up to the present, when China faces unprecedented challenges and uncertainties arising from the USA’s economic and trade offensive.