This book examines facial feminization surgery (FFS), which encompasses a myriad of procedures that are performed in order to alleviate gender dysphoria among transgender and non-binary populations. Demand for FFS has risen significantly, thus warranting greater discussion and education of such procedures among the plastic surgery community. To date, there has not been a standardized text for plastic and reconstructive surgeons and trainees to refer to when performing FFS. Chapters address key issues, such as: 1) anatomic differences between cis-masculine and cis-feminine faces; 2) operative techniques and considerations among respective procedures performed for facial feminization (i.e. forehead reduction, hairline advancement, brow lift, rhinoplasty, lip lift, genioplasty, facial fat grafting, and chondrolaryngoplasty)

3) operating room setup, anesthesia considerations, as well the post-operative protocols for hospitalization among patients undergoing FFS; 4) process of pre-operative consultation and pre-rehabilitation, among transgender and non-binary patients; 5) interdisciplinary collaboration among primary care providers, endocrinologists, and mental health providers in preparing patients for FFS; 6) the advent and role of virtual surgical planning (VSP) within FFS; 7) the challenges of promoting access, lowering cost, and enhancing delivery of FFS care; 8) patient perspectives to touch upon the nuances of navigating FFS. Facial Feminization Surgery: Operative Techniques and Clinical Considerations is an essential resource for physicians, residents, fellows, medical students, patients, and caregivers who are interested in gender-affirming care and facial gender-affirming surgery.