Africans have the most diverse genomes of all human populations. However, only limited genomic studies from Africans are currently available to inform the development of disease prevention strategies, early detection tools, and treatment options. This trajectory is now changing, following several initiatives in Africa including the H3Africa. To date, there are many books on genomic studies globally but only a few are representative of the work that is being carried out in Africa and led by African researchers. This book provides insights on African genomics research into infectious diseases, cardiometabolic traits, cancer, mental health, pharmacogenomics, and metagenomics and reflects the broad experiences of researchers across Africa in ethics, biobanking, and capacity building for genomic studies. Key Features:• Covers the development of disease prevention strategies, early detection tools, and treatment options. • Offers an overview of the funding landscape and capacity-building efforts in Africa. • Provides a ten-year roadmap for research leaders, funders, and governments who are keen to plan for genomics work in Africa. • Reviews the translation of genomic studies from lab to real-world applications. • Discusses non-communicable diseases, infectious diseases, and mental illness.