This Handbook provides an introduction to nutrition, nutrients, dietitian and nutritional genomics. In addition, this handbook also addresses issues related to nutritional disorders, malnutrition, food allergy, healthy diet, food fortification and dietotherapy. Select case studies are also made about few famous global food industry trade groups, institutes, guilds, associations, councils and research centres. This publication also outlines select aerobic and anaerobic organisms, saturated and unsaturated fats and food groups. The concepts, services and tests related to applied nutrition are discussed. The microbiological aspects of food safety are touched briefly. Select systems of medicine and related dietary laws are dealt in detail. Related issues concerned with global food scarcity, famine, food grains' management, food security and food policy are also touched upon. These are further substantiated with relevant case studies from around the world. This handbook also evaluates the role of food aid and food security vis-á-vis global hunger crisis. The role of agricultural production, demand and trade in providing global food/livelihood security and mitigating food shortage challenges has been discussed in an elaborate fashion. The book also provides readers with a holistic approach towards healthy diet, nutrition and physical fitness.