This book is one of the first scientific publications that the subject food combines with genetics and genomics and information provides about new options for prevention and management of disease. This complex interplay between genes, food and environment is not only a fascinating new field of research but a new vital area for maintaining health and adequate healthcare. The book gives the most recent knowledge about the effects on chronic diseases such as neurological and cardio vascular disorders and a number of rare metabolic disorders such as phenylketonuria (PKU and coeliac disease. The meaning for pregnancy and the first years of life is prominently described. The situation in developing countries (India) is discussed with proposals for structural improvements. The authors have written their contributions on request of patient organisations who wish a scientific basis for health policy and action in this field. The book will be published under auspices of the World Alliance of Organisations for the Prevention of Birth Defects.