Various socio-demographic, medical, technological, and managerial trends determine the emergence and development of the concept of the “Smart Hospital”, as well as the development and implementation of appropriate complex architectural models in the management practice of medical organizations. In turn, such medical organizations require an innovative health care ecosystem to provide medically and economically efficient healthcare services. This book examines various approaches to the modern healthcare system to provide an effective internal environment for the medical organization as well as an effective external environment for better interaction with all stakeholders of the greater healthcare system. It addresses the challenges of digital technology adoption in specialized areas (e.g., cardiology, surgery, neonatology, etc.) and of the dissemination of knowledge, technology, innovation, and entrepreneurial initiatives as well as communication between stakeholders. It then explores the development of the Smart Hospital by analyzing the internal architecture of medical organizations, key factors of their transformation, architecture of IT and digital technologies and data-driven management. Finally, this book explores the ways in which entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial leadership promote innovation and well-being in different organizational contexts, with special emphasis on human resource management, intellectual capital, and abusive leadership of public, social, and business sector contexts.