Scientists have been trying to replicate the same fusion reactions that drive stars on Earth since the beginning of the nuclear era. To create plasmas where light nuclei may overcome electrostatic repulsion and unleash enormous amounts of energy, hydrogen isotopes must be heated to hundreds of millions of degrees to achieve controlled nuclear fusion. There are now two primary approaches — inerrtial Confinement Fusion (ICF), which uses intense lasers or particle beams to compress tiny fuel pellets to extremely high densities, and Magnetic Confinement Fusion (MCF), which was pioneered by devices like tokamaks and stellarators, which use strong magnetic fields to confine plasma. When combined, these strategies reflect humanity's most audacious quest for clean, practically endless energy. This book provides a thorough analysis of both ICF and MCF systems, combining their experimental successes, theoretical underpinnings, and technology difficulties into one volume. It gives readers an unbiased, multidisciplinary perspective on the fusion industry by relating lab research to astrophysical processes and future power generation. This study emphasizes the complementarities, common challenges, and larger scientific and socioeconomic context that propels fusion research ahead, in contrast to previous texts that treat each approach independently. Key features of this book include: Clear explanations of the physics of plasma confinement, heating, and ignition in both MCF and ICF. Coverage of landmark facilities worldwide, from ITER and stellarators to the National Ignition Facility (NIF). Comparative analysis of confinement strategies, ignition schemes, and prospects for commercial viability. Connections between fusion experiments, astrophysical phenomena, and national security applications. A forward-looking assessment of research frontiers, emerging hybrid concepts, and pathways toward fusion power plants. This book is a complete introduction and reference on controlled fusion, written for physics, engineering, and energy science professionals, researchers, and graduate students. In addition to offering readers both technical depth and useful insight into the endeavour to harness the power of the stars, it distinguishes itself by linking the two main fusion perspectives.