This book is the 11th volume of the popular series "Medicinal and Aromatic Plants of the World". It is a comprehensive compilation of 30 chapters on selected important species representative of India's rich and diverse flora. This collection provides current scientific information highlighting the traditional, contemporary, and prospective uses of both well-known and lesser-known plant species. The volume serves as a bridge between traditional knowledge and modern scientific advancements, providing a critical analysis of this broad interdisciplinary field with a particular focus on India. The chapters cover topics such as the pharmacological properties, biochemical composition, and therapeutic applications of these plants. Readers will find contributions by renowned scholars who delve into the innovative product development stemming from the ancient medicinal plant systems. Particular attention is given to how these plants can contribute to health and wellness in the era of global climate change and pandemics. This book invites readers to face critical questions about the survival and utilization of medicinal and aromatic plants in India. Researchers, scholars, and practitioners in fields of botany, pharmacology, and traditional medicine will find this volume invaluable. It is also an essential resource for anyone interested in botanicals, plant-based nutraceuticals and herbal formulations. Whether you are an academic or a professional working in the field of medicinal plants, this book offers a wealth of knowledge that bridges rich ancient traditions with modern science.