1. Identification and Biology of CML Stem Cells.- 2. Molecular Mechanisms of CML Stem Cell Maintenance.- 3. Roles for Signaling Molecules in the Growth and Survival of CML Cells.- 4. Goal of CML Treatment in the Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitor Era.- 5. Biomarkers for Determining the Prognosis of CML.- 6. Updated European Leukemia Net Recommendations for the Management of CML.- 7. Optimal Monitoring of CML Treatment: Molecular and Mutation Analysis.- 8. Recommendations for Management of CML in the Era of Second-Generation TKIs.- 9. Role of New TKIs and Combinations with Interferon-α for the Treatment of CML.- 10. Safety Profiles of First-Line TKIs and Managing Adverse Effects.- 11. Molecular Mechanism of TKI Resistance and Potential Approaches to Overcome Resistance.- 12. Discontinuation of Therapy and Treatment-Free Remission in CML.