This book explores the complex interplay of socio-economic, political, and environmental factors that shape energy transitions in countries like India, Pakistan, Afghanistan, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, and Maldives. Drawing on interdisciplinary perspectives, the book offers a comprehensive analysis of the challenges and opportunities inherent in South Asia's quest for sustainable energy. From the expansion of renewable energy sources to the modernization of traditional energy systems, each chapter provides insights into the region's diverse energy pathways. Case studies and empirical research shed light on the policy frameworks, technological innovations, and societal dynamics driving the energy transition agenda. This book serves as a valuable resource for policymakers, scholars, and practitioners seeking to understand and navigate the complexities of energy sustainability in this critical region. By offering both theoretical frameworks and practical insights, this book aims to catalyze informed dialogue and action toward a more sustainable energy future for South Asia and beyond.