This book provides an easy, modern and practical way for physicians to approach the world of noninvasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV). Noninvasive ventilation is well-established and increasingly used in routine clinical practice. However, some concepts and techniques of NIMV may be difficult to grasp for students or for healthcare professionals with less experience. The book is subdivided into 7 sections covering different aspects of clinical applications of NIMV. From modes of ventilation to the proper moment to start noninvasive ventilation; from critical care applications of NIVM (pre-, intra- and post-hospitalization as well as in emergency medicine), to the use outside of ICUs. Its purpose is also considered in several different diseases and settings, including the experience during Covid-19 pandemic and at the end of life. The book addresses anesthesiologists, critical care, emergency care, palliative care, primary care physicians using noninvasive ventilation and will represent an invaluable tool for a better understanding of this technique.