How modernist novels learned to think through air, mood, and environment. Modernist literature is often associated with interiority and psychological depth. Novel Atmospheres turns this account inside out, asking readers to look up and out into the air. Anna Jones Abramson shows that in the twentieth century, dramatic changes in the air changed the novel itself. In the first three decades of the twentieth century, a series of technological innovations transformed the relationship between humans and the atmosphere: poison gas, airplanes, air conditioning, radio waves, and air raids made atmosphere palpable and sometimes lethal in entirely new ways while innovations in physics and weather forecasting transformed the legibility of the sky. At the same time, modernist writers seized on the aesthetic sense of atmosphere as they experimented with formal strategies for building a new kind of novel. Abramson links literary form to atmosphere in a way that has never been done before: what might previously have seemed like modernism's vague impressionist blurs become, in this account, deliberate atmospheric designs. Focusing on formal and stylistic features such as frame narratives, free indirect discourse, and temporal structure, Novel Atmospheres makes the case that reinventing narrative form was itself an atmospheric practice. Abramson tracks fog, heat waves, poison gas, forecasts, and miasma across the works of Joseph Conrad, Virginia Woolf, Mulk Raj Anand, and Edmund Blunden. The book argues for a new interdisciplinary approach to atmosphere located at the crossroads of affect and environment. Spanning public health, (post)colonial history, affect theory, meteorology, climate science, cultural studies and history, environmental studies, and narrative theory, Novel Atmospheres considers the political, racial, and cultural dimensions of what it means to share air, weaponize air, or mount forms of atmospheric resistance. This focus on our common air has wide-ranging implications for the urgent environmental and political questions surrounding atmosphere and climate today.