This book introduces advanced theories, models, and practices on the resilience of oil and gas infrastructures to support the resilience management of critical infrastructures, overcoming the limitations of safety management of critical infrastructures. Different disruptions (e.g., unintentional disruptions, intentional disruptions, natural disasters) and the performance of critical infrastructures exposed to different disruptions are considered. Besides theories and models, this book provides resilience assessment practices for different oil and gas infrastructures including natural gas pipelines, oil pipelines, submarine pipelines, railway oil transportation systems, submarine pipelines, LNG shipping systems, oil terminals, and LNG terminals. Besides fossil energies, the resilience assessment of renewable energy infrastructures such as hydrogen refueling stations is also introduced in this study. As a result, this study can play an important role in the development of resilience assessment research, inspire new researchers, and support resilience assessment and management practices for critical infrastructures.