This book gathers the peer-reviewed papers presented at the Second RILEM International Conference on Earthen Construction (ICEC), held in Edinburgh, United Kingdom, on July 8–10, 2024. It highlights the latest advances and innovations in the field of con earth-based building materials and construction. The conference topics encompass material characterisation and quality control, hydro-mechanical behaviour, reinforcement behaviour, seismic behaviour, in situ and field testing, additive manufacturing (3D printing), rheology, biostabilisation, molecular simulation, microstructure, durability, fire performance, hygro-thermal behaviour, life cycle analysis, climate change adaptation, economic impacts, and earthen architecture. As such, the book represents an invaluable, up-to-the-minute tool, and offers an important platform to engineers, architects, and geophysicists.