The aviation sector’s direct emissions account for roughly 2.5% of global CO2 emissions. Electrification may be plausible for short flights but is unlikely to be suitable for long haul flights; hydrogen powered planes are a possibility but will only be sustainable if enough hydrogen can be produced sustainably. This means that sustainable aviation fuels (SAF) are urgently needed. Beginning with an introduction to the background and need for SAF this book goes on to look at specific processes and feedstocks for SAF production followed by a discussion of economic, regulatory and political considerations. With a practical focus it will be of interest to policy makers, those working in the aviation industry and those involved in fuel research and development.