This thesis focuses onchalcogenide compoundquantum dots with special crystal structures and behaviors inan effort to achieve the synergistic optimization of electrical andthermal transport for high-efficiency thermoelectric materials. The controllability and large-scale synthesis of chalcogenide quantum dots are realizedthrough simple colloid synthesis, and the synergistic optimization of the materials’ electrical and thermal transport properties is successfully achieved. Furthermore, the book exploresthe mechanism involved inthe integration of high thermoelectric performance and reversible p-nsemiconducting switching in bimetal chalcogenide semiconductors. As such, the thesis will be of interest touniversity researchers and graduate students in the materials science,chemistry and physics.