This book highlights the growing mainstream focus on racism and anti-racism in Latin America. It reveals the diverse social transformation projects addressing racism, reflecting a complexity not previously evident. Inspired by a research project involving Indigenous and Black organizations, the chapters in this book explore cases in Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, and Mexico, where anti-racist efforts are significant, though not always central to organizational agendas. These chapters share a common theme of valuing varied anti-racist actions and discourses while critically acknowledging the structural, shifting nature of racism. The issues explored racial visibility, naming racism, racial data, legal rights and recognition, entrepreneurship, mestizo identity, the possibilities of alliances, racially-aware struggles against class (and gendered) oppression. Though not exhaustive, the chapters provide valuable insights into the anti-racist shift in Latin America, offering broader perspectives on global anti-racism efforts. This book was originally published as special issue The Turn to Racism and Anti-racism in Latin America.