This edited book is a comprehensive compilation of deliberations in the field of agriculture, food security, climate resilient crops and on the relevance of the popular TILLING technique in the era of precise genome editing (CRISPR/Cas9). This book particularly deliberates on new developments in this field, such as, induced mutagenesis techniques, mutagenesis in somatic tissues, bio-informatics analysis and gene mining. This volume also focuses on next generation mutation detection techniques, exome capture, forward and reverses genetics, trait selection and, finally deliberates on the future of TILLING in plant breeding and product development. TILLING (Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genome) is a popular molecular biology technique for detecting polymorphism in a mutagenized population. Eco-TILLING refers to natural TILLING. This technique can be applied to a wider range of crops. Products developed through TILLING are not regulated throughout the world, thus having a wider acceptance among various stakeholders. This volume is timely and looks into the updated aspects of mutagenesis, TILLING, Eco-TILLING along with OMIC tools, their amalgamated applications towards crop improvement. This book contains 11 chapters and 250 pages authored by globally reputed scientists on the field of mutagenesis, TILLING and Eco-TILLING. This book is useful for research scholars, students, teachers and scientists in the academia, policy makers, relevant public, plant breeding companies, private companies and cooperatives interested in understanding or applying mutagenesis, TILLING for editing gene of interest and develop new products in agriculture.