Bridging theory and empirical analysis, this book offers a comprehensive and data-driven exploration of urban-rural labour markets across advanced economies, shedding light on their structure, efficiency, and evolving dynamics. Through an extensive literature review and comparative statistical analysis, the book examines key indicators such as labour force participation, unemployment, productivity, and wages. It highlights regional disparities and convergence trends in advanced economies, while emphasizing the critical role of entrepreneurship in balancing labour supply and demand—exploring both Schumpeterian innovation and necessity-driven enterprise. A standout feature is a unique empirical study using Eurofound data, which investigates whether living in rural areas increases the likelihood of becoming an entrepreneur—offering valuable insights into the potential for rural-urban convergence. Concluding with forward-looking reflections and directions for future research, this volume is essential reading for scholars and students in economics, geography, sociology, and planning. It also serves as a vital resource for policymakers, regional planners, and practitioners engaged in shaping the future of spatial labour markets.