Over the past two decades, type 2 diabetes has emerged as a leading threat to global health, and the considerable overlap in obesity and diabetes trends are likely no coincidence. Focusing on the worldwide impact of type 2 diabetes regarding nutrition, dietary modification, and risk, this book draws on evidence-based research, providing a comprehensive description and evaluation of the central findings to date, primarily in humans. Topics include the role of macronutrients and their subclasses, micronutrients, foods, beverages, and overall dietary patterns with respect to the risk of type 2 diabetes. Chapters discuss fundamental nutritional principles applied to the pathophysiology of the disease as well as applied behavioral studies on nutrition and diabetes.