This book provides an overview of the fundamental principles, material strategies and translational applications of Raman and SERS spectroscopies. It covers both theoretical and practical advancements in spectroscopic techniques, including plasmonic substrate design, portable instrumentation and AI-enhanced spectral analysis. Drawing upon real-world case studies and the author’s own extensive interdisciplinary research, the book explores applications spanning across biomedical diagnostics, food safety, environmental monitoring and chemical and materials characterisation. Key Features:Explores quantum-enhanced Raman scattering principles alongside AI-integrated spectral analysis, bridging theory with modern application. Demonstrates real-world translational technologies including point-of-care diagnostics, nanofabricated biosensors and global health tools. Presents original developments from award-winning research including EyeTBI, READ-EB and SkiNET-FoodSpec. Envisions future directions for Raman and SERS technologies in diagnostics, medicine, materials and AI-enhanced sensing over the next decade. Delivers accessibility to both academic and industry readers through structured pedagogy, clear illustrations and hands-on examples. This book is intended for graduate students, researchers and professionals in spectroscopy, biomedical, chemical and materials science and engineering.