Introduction: Why Basel II Matters Basel II and International Bank Lending to Developing Countries Basel II in Emerging Markets: a Comparative Perspective between Brazil and India The Impacts of Capital Adequacy Requirements on Emerging Markets Views on Basel II: The Case of Brazil Views on Basel II: The Case of India Views on Basel II: The Sub-Saharan African Countries Basel II and Development Finance: Establishing Regional Guarantee Funds to Ease Access to Credit for SMEs Conclusions and the Way Forward