This book examines the transnational encounter between American and Korean Protestants from the late 19th century to the aftermath of the Korean War, tracing the partnerships and power struggles between American missionaries and Korean Christians in both nations. In addition to delineating American Protestant interpretations of East Asian geopolitics, Korean culture, and Asian religions over seven decades of colonialism and conflict, the book illuminates how Koreans across both nations determined their own course by creatively adapting the religion, combining their cultural and colonial experience with Western elements that the missionaries initially imported to Korea.