This book presents groundbreaking research on children's perceptions and experiences of their surroundings, examining how these perceptions shape their travel decisions and overall well-being. Drawing on extensive case studies from diverse regions in China, it provides valuable insights into the unique challenges rural children face in their daily journeys to school and other destinations. Journey through both urban and rural environment as we analyze the complex relationships between neighborhood design, road environments, and children's travel mode choices. The book uses innovative approaches, including machine learning/SHAP modeling and nonlinear analysis, to uncover the mechanisms by which the built environment influences children's travel behavior.