This book explores the ethical dimensions of nature conservation, discussing how we value the natural world and how it can be protected in a complex context where many ethically significant interests must be carefully weighed and balanced. Beginning with foundational concepts of nature and humanity’s unique ecological role, the book examines how conservation aims to harmonize human impact with the natural world. It analyzes the complex distinction between the natural and the artificial, reveals the pluralism of values underpinning conservation, and delves into challenging practical issues, from the ethical treatment of wild animals and the role of biotechnology to the influence of human preferences in conservation and the pursuit of a virtuous relationship with nature. By integrating diverse ethical perspectives and stakeholder concerns, this work argues for a pluralistic, thoughtful approach to conservation ethics, one that moves beyond instrumental views toward relationship and care, embraces complexity in evaluation and deliberation, and fosters long-term success amid urgent global challenges. This book will be of great interest to students, scholars and practitioners of nature conservation, environmental management, environmental ethics and environmental philosophy.