The relationship between the Late Middle Ages and the beginning of modern times is still acontroversial topic discussed. Some view the 14th and 15th century as a period of decline, others emphasize this era’s formative and innovative role in modern times. Volume 31 of Miscellanea Mediaevalia takes an interdisciplinary look at this period while addressing critical, classic evaluations. More than 30 contributions discuss the philosophy of the Late Middle Ages (with special attention to moral and natural philosophy), scientific institutions of the Late Middle Ages, the architecture, economic and legal history, and the spirituality in the Late Middle Ages, as well as prominent figures such as Jean Gerson and Nicholasof Cusa.