This book critically analyses various policies and perspectives relating to immunization over the last half a century and reflects on the lessons and best practices. It explores the political economy of immunization in the wake of the COVID-19 pandemic, a mass reckoning on the preparedness for a health emergency, based on planning and strategy of allocating resources— monetary, infrastructure, and manpower. This transdisciplinary volume is framed through a large gamut of immunization perspectives, including the importance of policy formulation, and programme implementation. It illuminates the role of social and behaviour change communication in demand generation and the importance of mainstreaming vaccine hesitant families and communities. Supply chain management, logistics, and the role and scope of digital technology are other areas of discussion. It also addresses human rights issues in war zones and the need for equity in immunization to reach out to vulnerable communities, especially women and children. This book will be useful to students and faculty of public health schools, people engaged in public health programme implementation, especially in immunization across the globe encompassing policy-makers, programme implementers, monitoring and evaluation personnel, behaviour change professionals, frontline workers, UN organizations like WHO, UNICEF, World Bank, donor organizations among others including CSOs and NGOs.