Bringing together leading scholars and activists, this edited collection calls for a return to the ‘mode of production debate’ to address often-overlooked dimensions: gender, race, and Eurocentrism. The concept of mode of production is placed in dialogue with Marxist debates on domestic labour, racial capitalism and the ways in which Eurocentrism has shaped the historiographies of capitalism. In doing so, the book offers novel approaches to studying the origins, modalities and contradictions of capitalism. Advancing an integrated framework that incorporates class, gender, race and ethnicity, the book opens pathways to new research for better understanding, resisting and transcending capitalism.