This collection explores the relationship between race, racism, and human rights law. It seeks to illuminate, in particular, how the European Court of Human Rights articulates the category of race, how human rights are experienced (differently) by racial minorities, and whether the European Convention on Human Rights has the tools to recognise and address racial harms. By centring race, it considers how Convention rights would look through the lens of race and ultimately interrogates if human rights law is part of the solution or part of the problem. In pursuing these inquiries, the collection brings together two fields of scholarship that have largely developed independently of each other, namely law and race, and European human rights law. Drawing upon rich expertise from theorists and human rights scholars, it is the first of its kind to systematically analyse race and racism in relation to a wide range of themes in European human rights law, including state violence, terrorism, privacy, protest, migration, hate speech, religion, domestic abuse, reproductive freedom, medicine, education, and climate change.