This edited volume explores the complex interplay between institutions, equity and social justice in South Asia. The book addresses critical questions concerning institutional development, governance practices, reforms, and the promotion of equitable and just societies in the South Asian region, while also examining the region’s progress towards achieving the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Chapters focus on topics such as the role of local governments and grassroots organization in fostering equity and social change, new methodological approaches to studying diversity and equity in governance, and barriers to inclusion in policymaking and implementation. Bringing together diverse perspectives and research, this volume aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of how institutional dynamics shape equity and justice in South Asia, and how these can be leveraged to achieve the SDGs, ensuring sustainable development and social cohesion. As such, the volume will be of interest to scholars and students of public administration, governance, South Asian politics, comparative policy, gender, and the SDGs.