This book presents cutting-edge research and developments in the field of biomedical engineering, with a special emphasis on results achieved in Vietnam and neighboring low- and middle-income countries. Gathering the first volume of the proceedings of the 10th International Conference on The Development of Biomedical Engineering in Vietnam, BME 10, held on July 25-27, 2024, in Phan Thiet, Vietnam, reports on the design, fabrication, and application of low-cost and portable medical devices, biosensors, and microfluidic devices, on improved methods for biological data acquisition and analysis, including applications of artificial intelligence. It also discusses strategies to address some relevant issues in biomedical education and entrepreneurship. A special emphasis is given to advances promoting Healthcare Evolution towards 5P Medicine in Low- and Middle-Income Countries Ecosystem. All in all, this book offers important answers to current challenges in the field and a source of inspiration for scientists, engineers, and researchers with various backgrounds working in different research institutes, companies, and countries.