The expansion of carbon materials is multidisciplinary and is related to physics, chemistry, biology, applied sciences and engineering. The research on carbon materials has mostly focused on aspects of fundamental physics as they unique electrical, thermal and mechanical properties applicable for the range of applications. The electrons in graphene and other derived carbon materials behave as dirac fermions due to their interaction with the ions of the lattice. This direction has led to the discovery of new phenomena such as Klein tunneling in carbon based solid state systems and the so-called half-integer quantum Hall effect. Advanced Carbon Materials and Technology presents cutting-edge chapters on the processing, properties and technological developments of graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon fibers, carbon particles and other carbon based structures including multifunctional graphene sheets, graphene quantum dots, bulky balls, carbon balls, and their polymer composites. This book brings together respected international scholars writing on the innovative methodologies and strategies adopted in carbon materials research area including Synthesis, characterization and functionalization of carbon nanotubes and grapheneSurface modification of grapheneCarbon based nanostructured materialsGraphene and carbon nanotube based electrochemical (bio)sensors for environmental monitoringCarbon catalysts for hydrogen storage materialsOptical carbon nanoobjectsGraphene and carbon nanotube based biosensorsCarbon doped cryogel filmsBioimpact of carbon nanomaterialsPhotocatalytic nature of carbon nanotube based compositesEngineering behavior of ash fillsFly ash syntactic foams microstructure