Diversity of microbial communities in soil and their multifaceted functionalities has paved the way for utilization of microbes in industries. This book comprises of soil microbial diversity and role of microbes in agro-industry. This volume is the compilation of the updated research from resource persons on impact of soil microbial diversity like increasing soil fertility, CO2 sequestration, and understanding soil microbial communities through cutting edge technology. Besides, the book embodies microbes renewed role in production of bioplastics, nutraceuticals, dairy products, drugs from macro-fungi, potential economic development from agrowaste or fish waste, and advance approaches in bioprospecting of biocatalyst and biosensing of secondary metabolites. This will not only improve knowledge but also enhance research on exploiting soil microbes in industry or agro-industry. The proposed book, Advances in Agricultural and Industrial Microbiology, Vol I can be very effective tobridge the gap between vastness of literatures available pertaining to agricultural and industrial microbiology and their applications with authoritative chapters containing latest updates available in this area of science. The content of the book is an exhaustive reference resource for soil microbiologist, agricultural scientists, academia, policymakers, industrial microbiologists pursuing teaching and research in these domains.