This book discusses recent advances in remote sensing techniques for topographic and thematic mapping applications. The text covers modern photogrammetry, LiDAR remote sensing, and advanced image classification techniques; the use of remote sensing and image-processing techniques for extracting geographic features needed for topographic map production; and the synergistic use of remote sensing and image-processing techniques for environmental and ecological mapping. This book provides a state-of-the-art review for researchers and students working in remote sensing, photogrammetry, geographic information systems, geography, and environmental science.