This book examines artificial intelligence (AI) in Africa from a rights-based perspective. In recent years, technology has emerged as a significant disruptor, with AI, robotics and computer advancement in particular driving changes in societies around the world. There are evident and daunting implications across contexts and continents, and many countries are rapidly seeking to define patterns of solutions that can foster effective protection against the more challenging impacts of AI. This book considers the consequences of AI for civil and political rights, social, economic, and cultural rights, and collective rights in Africa, with particular reference to the African Charter. It considers how AI risks violating the rights enshrined in the Charter and considers how the norms outlined in the African Charter can provide the basis for a response. Overall, this book examines how a rights-based approach to AI can be realized, emphasising the imperatives for steering implementation. Providing an important guide for strategic action for the protection of human rights in the context of AI, this book will be an important read for researchers, policymakers and students in the fields of human rights and technology in Africa.