This book gathers the latest advances, innovations, and applications in the field of nuclear power engineering, as presented by researchers and engineers at the Saudi International Conference on Nuclear Power Engineering (SCOPE), which was organized by King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals (KFUPM), and held in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia on November 13–15, 2023. The contributions encompass topics such as nuclear thermal-hydraulics, reactor physics, nuclear materials, fuel cycle and waste management, safety and severe accidents, fusion and advanced reactors, nuclear applications and radiation processing. The contributions, which were selected through a rigorous international peer-review process, share exciting ideas that will spur novel research directions and foster new multidisciplinary collaborations.