This book is a comprehensive guide to ophthalmology for medical students and trainees. Comprising six sections, the text begins with discussion on anatomy and physiology of the eye, then explains optics and refraction. The following sections cover ocular diseases, therapeutics, and systemic and community ophthalmology. The final section provides exam-oriented clinical cases, OSCE and Viva questions, skills exercises, and guidance on dark room procedures, ophthalmic instruments, and operative procedures. Each chapter follows a structured format with learning objectives, applied anatomy, and review questions. This new edition has been fully revised and features competency-linked content, updated text with recent advances, and enhanced visuals including clinical photographs and surgical illustrations. The book is accompanied by a free logbook and complimentary online resources featuring MCQs, clinical skills videos, and surgical videos. New and unique to this edition is Dr Wise, a free AI ChatBot app providing MCQs, answers to questions, flashcards and much more. The references are from book itself and there is no limit on app usage for answers. The previous edition (9789356961623) published in 2023.