This book is a collection of original papers presented at the International Conference on Computational Mathematics in Nanoelectronics and Astrophysics (CMNA 2018) held at the Indian Institute of Technology Indore, India, from 1 to 3 November 2018. It aims at presenting recent developments of computational mathematics in nanoelectronics, astrophysics and related areas of space sciences and engineering. These proceedings discuss the most advanced innovations, trends and real-world challenges encountered and their solutions with the application of computational mathematics in nanoelectronics, astrophysics and space sciences. From focusing on nano-enhanced smart technological developments to the research contributions of premier institutes in India and abroad on ISRO’s future space explorations—this book includes topics from highly interdisciplinary areas of research. The book is of interest to researchers, students and practising engineers working in diverse areas of science and engineering, ranging from applied and computational mathematics to nanoelectronics, nanofabrications and astrophysics.