This book brings together pioneering research and perspectives at the crossroads of consciousness studies, cognitive science, traditional Indian knowledge systems, and modern neuroscience. The chapters encompass a diverse range of themes—from theoretical explorations of consciousness, time perception, and higher-order cognition to empirical studies on meditation, mental health, and machine learning-based neurodiagnostics. Grounded in classical Indian frameworks such as Sa?khya, Yoga, Ayurveda, and Jain philosophy, the book examines concepts like non-attachment, empathy, mind-body integration, and the void (paazh) as philosophical foundations for cognitive and emotional health. It further bridges ancient contemplative practices with contemporary technologies, presenting studies on EEG, VR-assisted meditation, neural coupling, and AI-enabled mental workload classification. Highlights include innovative assessments of Rajyoga and Vipassana, the development of psychometric scales, the role of diet and nasal breathing in cognitive health, and quantum-informed decision models. With contributions from philosophy, neuroscience, psychology, AI, and education, the book offers a unique synthesis of tradition and technology. It is a valuable resource for scholars, clinicians, and practitioners interested in the evolving dialogue between Indian contemplative traditions and cutting-edge cognitive science.