This book provides a comprehensive overview of key concepts, debates and cutting-edge research in ocean governance and maritime affairs. Due to their increasing economic significance, it is valuable to provide insights into contemporary maritime issues. This handbook explores how the ocean is being used and governed, and analyzes the future challenges in its management. Organized into five themed parts, the book explores political economy, techno-economic developments, green transitions, infrastructure, and geopolitics. International contributions from leading researchers across disciplines offer perspectives on topics such as the control of sea lanes, sanctions, infrastructure and ports, supply lines, the production and transmission of energy, the production and extraction of resources, green initiatives, ocean management and sustainability.