The function and life span of endothelial cells have a large impact upon the quality and expectancy of an individual's life. During low perfusion, the adaptation of different cells to hypoxia precipitate the aggressive progression of diseases. Although the clinical studies have convincingly shown that endothelial dysfunction occurs whenever the biological functions or bioavailability of nitric oxide are impaired, in all these scenarios, the role of endothelial cell-destructive process cross-talk is yet poorly understood. This book focuses on the contribution of molecular mechanisms to endothelial dysfunction in related metabolic disorders.