This textbook begins by introducing the concept of the time value of money and explaining how it is applied in valuation. It then uses practical and easy-to-understand examples to illustrate the application of the time value of money concept in valuing cash flows, annuities, and perpetuities. This is followed by an in-depth discussion of the firm's financing sources and the determination of its cost of capital. The remainder of the textbook discusses the valuation of fixed-income securities, equity assets, and the firm, featuring specific examples and case studies from South Africa, Europe, and the Americas. Equity asset and firm valuation approaches discussed include variants of single and multiple-stage growth dividend discount models, free cash flows, residual income, and multiple valuation approaches. The practical examples and case studies equip students with the tools they need to apply these valuation approaches.  Aimed at upper undergraduate and postgraduate accounting and finance students, this textbook discusses in which context each valuation approach is most appropriate. Electronic supplementary materials are available online by chapter.